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How to Create Working Chatbot in HTML CSS and JavaScript
You may have seen chatbots on multiple websites, as they are now essential components for modern websites and apps. If you are unfamiliar, a chatbot is a computer program that serves as a virtual assistant and is capable of understanding user queries and providing relevant responses.
Building a chatbot is a practical way for beginner web developers to gain hands-on experience with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, as these skills are crucial for creating real-world projects. So, in this blog post, I’ll guide you through creating a working chatbot using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript from scratch.
Chatbot [Source Code]
First, paste the following codes into your index.html file.
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Coding By CodingNepal - www.codingnepalweb.com -->
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Chatbot in JavaScript | CodingNepal</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- Google Fonts Link For Icons -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,0,0" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Rounded:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,1,0" />
<script src="script.js" defer></script>
</head>
<body>
<button class="chatbot-toggler">
<span class="material-symbols-rounded">mode_comment</span>
<span class="material-symbols-outlined">close</span>
</button>
<div class="chatbot">
<header>
<h2>Chatbot</h2>
<span class="close-btn material-symbols-outlined">close</span>
</header>
<ul class="chatbox">
<li class="chat incoming">
<span class="material-symbols-outlined">smart_toy</span>
<p>Hi there 👋<br>How can I help you today?</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="chat-input">
<textarea placeholder="Enter a message..." spellcheck="false" required></textarea>
<span id="send-btn" class="material-symbols-rounded">send</span>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html> <!-- Coding By CodingNepal - www.codingnepalweb.com --> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Chatbot in JavaScript | CodingNepal</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- Google Fonts Link For Icons --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,0,0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Rounded:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,1,0" /> <script src="script.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <button class="chatbot-toggler"> <span class="material-symbols-rounded">mode_comment</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined">close</span> </button> <div class="chatbot"> <header> <h2>Chatbot</h2> <span class="close-btn material-symbols-outlined">close</span> </header> <ul class="chatbox"> <li class="chat incoming"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined">smart_toy</span> <p>Hi there 👋<br>How can I help you today?</p> </li> </ul> <div class="chat-input"> <textarea placeholder="Enter a message..." spellcheck="false" required></textarea> <span id="send-btn" class="material-symbols-rounded">send</span> </div> </div> </body> </html>
Second, paste the following codes into your style.css file
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/* Import Google font - Poppins */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600&display=swap');
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
}
body {
background: #E3F2FD;
}
.chatbot-toggler {
position: fixed;
bottom: 30px;
right: 35px;
outline: none;
border: none;
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
display: flex;
cursor: pointer;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border-radius: 50%;
background: #724ae8;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler {
transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.chatbot-toggler span {
color: #fff;
position: absolute;
}
.chatbot-toggler span:last-child,
body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler span:first-child {
opacity: 0;
}
body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler span:last-child {
opacity: 1;
}
.chatbot {
position: fixed;
right: 35px;
bottom: 90px;
width: 420px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 15px;
overflow: hidden;
opacity: 0;
pointer-events: none;
transform: scale(0.5);
transform-origin: bottom right;
box-shadow: 0 0 128px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1),
0 32px 64px -48px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
transition: all 0.1s ease;
}
body.show-chatbot .chatbot {
opacity: 1;
pointer-events: auto;
transform: scale(1);
}
.chatbot header {
padding: 16px 0;
position: relative;
text-align: center;
color: #fff;
background: #724ae8;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.chatbot header span {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 50%;
display: none;
cursor: pointer;
transform: translateY(-50%);
}
header h2 {
font-size: 1.4rem;
}
.chatbot .chatbox {
overflow-y: auto;
height: 510px;
padding: 30px 20px 100px;
}
.chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 6px;
}
.chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
background: #fff;
border-radius: 25px;
}
.chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
background: #ccc;
border-radius: 25px;
}
.chatbox .chat {
display: flex;
list-style: none;
}
.chatbox .outgoing {
margin: 20px 0;
justify-content: flex-end;
}
.chatbox .incoming span {
width: 32px;
height: 32px;
color: #fff;
cursor: default;
text-align: center;
line-height: 32px;
align-self: flex-end;
background: #724ae8;
border-radius: 4px;
margin: 0 10px 7px 0;
}
.chatbox .chat p {
white-space: pre-wrap;
padding: 12px 16px;
border-radius: 10px 10px 0 10px;
max-width: 75%;
color: #fff;
font-size: 0.95rem;
background: #724ae8;
}
.chatbox .incoming p {
border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 0;
}
.chatbox .chat p.error {
color: #721c24;
background: #f8d7da;
}
.chatbox .incoming p {
color: #000;
background: #f2f2f2;
}
.chatbot .chat-input {
display: flex;
gap: 5px;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
background: #fff;
padding: 3px 20px;
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.chat-input textarea {
height: 55px;
width: 100%;
border: none;
outline: none;
resize: none;
max-height: 180px;
padding: 15px 15px 15px 0;
font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.chat-input span {
align-self: flex-end;
color: #724ae8;
cursor: pointer;
height: 55px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
visibility: hidden;
font-size: 1.35rem;
}
.chat-input textarea:valid ~ span {
visibility: visible;
}
@media (max-width: 490px) {
.chatbot-toggler {
right: 20px;
bottom: 20px;
}
.chatbot {
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
height: 100%;
border-radius: 0;
width: 100%;
}
.chatbot .chatbox {
height: 90%;
padding: 25px 15px 100px;
}
.chatbot .chat-input {
padding: 5px 15px;
}
.chatbot header span {
display: block;
}
}
/* Import Google font - Poppins */ @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600&display=swap'); * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif; } body { background: #E3F2FD; } .chatbot-toggler { position: fixed; bottom: 30px; right: 35px; outline: none; border: none; height: 50px; width: 50px; display: flex; cursor: pointer; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border-radius: 50%; background: #724ae8; transition: all 0.2s ease; } body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler { transform: rotate(90deg); } .chatbot-toggler span { color: #fff; position: absolute; } .chatbot-toggler span:last-child, body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler span:first-child { opacity: 0; } body.show-chatbot .chatbot-toggler span:last-child { opacity: 1; } .chatbot { position: fixed; right: 35px; bottom: 90px; width: 420px; background: #fff; border-radius: 15px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transform: scale(0.5); transform-origin: bottom right; box-shadow: 0 0 128px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1), 0 32px 64px -48px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); transition: all 0.1s ease; } body.show-chatbot .chatbot { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; transform: scale(1); } .chatbot header { padding: 16px 0; position: relative; text-align: center; color: #fff; background: #724ae8; box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } .chatbot header span { position: absolute; right: 15px; top: 50%; display: none; cursor: pointer; transform: translateY(-50%); } header h2 { font-size: 1.4rem; } .chatbot .chatbox { overflow-y: auto; height: 510px; padding: 30px 20px 100px; } .chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; } .chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #fff; border-radius: 25px; } .chatbot :where(.chatbox, textarea)::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #ccc; border-radius: 25px; } .chatbox .chat { display: flex; list-style: none; } .chatbox .outgoing { margin: 20px 0; justify-content: flex-end; } .chatbox .incoming span { width: 32px; height: 32px; color: #fff; cursor: default; text-align: center; line-height: 32px; align-self: flex-end; background: #724ae8; border-radius: 4px; margin: 0 10px 7px 0; } .chatbox .chat p { white-space: pre-wrap; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 10px; max-width: 75%; color: #fff; font-size: 0.95rem; background: #724ae8; } .chatbox .incoming p { border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 0; } .chatbox .chat p.error { color: #721c24; background: #f8d7da; } .chatbox .incoming p { color: #000; background: #f2f2f2; } .chatbot .chat-input { display: flex; gap: 5px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; width: 100%; background: #fff; padding: 3px 20px; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; } .chat-input textarea { height: 55px; width: 100%; border: none; outline: none; resize: none; max-height: 180px; padding: 15px 15px 15px 0; font-size: 0.95rem; } .chat-input span { align-self: flex-end; color: #724ae8; cursor: pointer; height: 55px; display: flex; align-items: center; visibility: hidden; font-size: 1.35rem; } .chat-input textarea:valid ~ span { visibility: visible; } @media (max-width: 490px) { .chatbot-toggler { right: 20px; bottom: 20px; } .chatbot { right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 100%; border-radius: 0; width: 100%; } .chatbot .chatbox { height: 90%; padding: 25px 15px 100px; } .chatbot .chat-input { padding: 5px 15px; } .chatbot header span { display: block; } }
Last, paste the following codes into your script.js file.Please note that your chatbot is currently unable to retrieve responses to your questions because you have not provided your API key in the AP_KEY variable. To get a free API key from OpenAI, sign up for an account at https:// platform.openai.com/ account /api-keys.
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const chatbotToggler = document.querySelector(".chatbot-toggler");
const closeBtn = document.querySelector(".close-btn");
const chatbox = document.querySelector(".chatbox");
const chatInput = document.querySelector(".chat-input textarea");
const sendChatBtn = document.querySelector(".chat-input span");
let userMessage = null; // Variable to store user's message
const API_KEY = "PASTE-YOUR-API-KEY"; // Paste your API key here
const inputInitHeight = chatInput.scrollHeight;
const createChatLi = (message, className) => {
// Create a chat <li> element with passed message and className
const chatLi = document.createElement("li");
chatLi.classList.add("chat", `${className}`);
let chatContent = className === "outgoing" ? `<p></p>` : `<span class="material-symbols-outlined">smart_toy</span><p></p>`;
chatLi.innerHTML = chatContent;
chatLi.querySelector("p").textContent = message;
return chatLi; // return chat <li> element
}
const generateResponse = (chatElement) => {
const API_URL = "https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions";
const messageElement = chatElement.querySelector("p");
// Define the properties and message for the API request
const requestOptions = {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Authorization": `Bearer ${API_KEY}`
},
body: JSON.stringify({
model: "gpt-3.5-turbo",
messages: [{role: "user", content: userMessage}],
})
}
// Send POST request to API, get response and set the reponse as paragraph text
fetch(API_URL, requestOptions).then(res => res.json()).then(data => {
messageElement.textContent = data.choices[0].message.content.trim();
}).catch(() => {
messageElement.classList.add("error");
messageElement.textContent = "Oops! Something went wrong. Please try again.";
}).finally(() => chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight));
}
const handleChat = () => {
userMessage = chatInput.value.trim(); // Get user entered message and remove extra whitespace
if(!userMessage) return;
// Clear the input textarea and set its height to default
chatInput.value = "";
chatInput.style.height = `${inputInitHeight}px`;
// Append the user's message to the chatbox
chatbox.appendChild(createChatLi(userMessage, "outgoing"));
chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight);
setTimeout(() => {
// Display "Thinking..." message while waiting for the response
const incomingChatLi = createChatLi("Thinking...", "incoming");
chatbox.appendChild(incomingChatLi);
chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight);
generateResponse(incomingChatLi);
}, 600);
}
chatInput.addEventListener("input", () => {
// Adjust the height of the input textarea based on its content
chatInput.style.height = `${inputInitHeight}px`;
chatInput.style.height = `${chatInput.scrollHeight}px`;
});
chatInput.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
// If Enter key is pressed without Shift key and the window
// width is greater than 800px, handle the chat
if(e.key === "Enter" && !e.shiftKey && window.innerWidth > 800) {
e.preventDefault();
handleChat();
}
});
sendChatBtn.addEventListener("click", handleChat);
closeBtn.addEventListener("click", () => document.body.classList.remove("show-chatbot"));
chatbotToggler.addEventListener("click", () => document.body.classList.toggle("show-chatbot"));
const chatbotToggler = document.querySelector(".chatbot-toggler"); const closeBtn = document.querySelector(".close-btn"); const chatbox = document.querySelector(".chatbox"); const chatInput = document.querySelector(".chat-input textarea"); const sendChatBtn = document.querySelector(".chat-input span"); let userMessage = null; // Variable to store user's message const API_KEY = "PASTE-YOUR-API-KEY"; // Paste your API key here const inputInitHeight = chatInput.scrollHeight; const createChatLi = (message, className) => { // Create a chat <li> element with passed message and className const chatLi = document.createElement("li"); chatLi.classList.add("chat", `${className}`); let chatContent = className === "outgoing" ? `<p></p>` : `<span class="material-symbols-outlined">smart_toy</span><p></p>`; chatLi.innerHTML = chatContent; chatLi.querySelector("p").textContent = message; return chatLi; // return chat <li> element } const generateResponse = (chatElement) => { const API_URL = "https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions"; const messageElement = chatElement.querySelector("p"); // Define the properties and message for the API request const requestOptions = { method: "POST", headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json", "Authorization": `Bearer ${API_KEY}` }, body: JSON.stringify({ model: "gpt-3.5-turbo", messages: [{role: "user", content: userMessage}], }) } // Send POST request to API, get response and set the reponse as paragraph text fetch(API_URL, requestOptions).then(res => res.json()).then(data => { messageElement.textContent = data.choices[0].message.content.trim(); }).catch(() => { messageElement.classList.add("error"); messageElement.textContent = "Oops! Something went wrong. Please try again."; }).finally(() => chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight)); } const handleChat = () => { userMessage = chatInput.value.trim(); // Get user entered message and remove extra whitespace if(!userMessage) return; // Clear the input textarea and set its height to default chatInput.value = ""; chatInput.style.height = `${inputInitHeight}px`; // Append the user's message to the chatbox chatbox.appendChild(createChatLi(userMessage, "outgoing")); chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight); setTimeout(() => { // Display "Thinking..." message while waiting for the response const incomingChatLi = createChatLi("Thinking...", "incoming"); chatbox.appendChild(incomingChatLi); chatbox.scrollTo(0, chatbox.scrollHeight); generateResponse(incomingChatLi); }, 600); } chatInput.addEventListener("input", () => { // Adjust the height of the input textarea based on its content chatInput.style.height = `${inputInitHeight}px`; chatInput.style.height = `${chatInput.scrollHeight}px`; }); chatInput.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => { // If Enter key is pressed without Shift key and the window // width is greater than 800px, handle the chat if(e.key === "Enter" && !e.shiftKey && window.innerWidth > 800) { e.preventDefault(); handleChat(); } }); sendChatBtn.addEventListener("click", handleChat); closeBtn.addEventListener("click", () => document.body.classList.remove("show-chatbot")); chatbotToggler.addEventListener("click", () => document.body.classList.toggle("show-chatbot"));
If you encounter any difficulties while creating your own Chatbot or your code is not working as expected, you can download the source code files for this Chatbot project for free by clicking the Download button. Remember that after downloading the file, you’ll have to paste an “OpenAI API key” into the API_KEY variable in the script.js file.
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@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:wght@200;300;400;500;600;700&display=swap"); * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; } body { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 100vh; width: 100%; padding: 0 10px; } body::before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; background: url("https://www.codingnepalweb.com/demos/create-glassmorphism-login-form-html-css/hero-bg.jpg"), #000; background-position: center; background-size: cover; } .wrapper { width: 400px; border-radius: 8px; padding: 30px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); backdrop-filter: blur(9px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(9px); } form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; } h2 { font-size: 2rem; margin-bottom: 20px; color: #fff; } .input-field { position: relative; border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc; margin: 15px 0; } .input-field label { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 0; transform: translateY(-50%); color: #fff; font-size: 16px; pointer-events: none; transition: 0.15s ease; } .input-field input { width: 100%; height: 40px; background: transparent; border: none; outline: none; font-size: 16px; color: #fff; } .input-field input:focus~label, .input-field input:valid~label { font-size: 0.8rem; top: 10px; transform: translateY(-120%); } .forget { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin: 25px 0 35px 0; color: #fff; } #remember { accent-color: #fff; } .forget label { display: flex; align-items: center; } .forget label p { margin-left: 8px; } .wrapper a { color: #efefef; text-decoration: none; } .wrapper a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } button { background: #fff; color: #000; font-weight: 600; border: none; padding: 12px 20px; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 3px; font-size: 16px; border: 2px solid transparent; transition: 0.3s ease; } button:hover { color: #fff; border-color: #fff; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15); } .register { text-align: center; margin-top: 30px; color: #fff;}